What is an exact multiple of the fundamental frequency of an oscillation called?

The term that describes an exact multiple of the fundamental frequency of an oscillation is known as a harmonic. In the context of waves and oscillatory systems, the fundamental frequency is the lowest frequency at which a system vibrates. Harmonics are higher frequencies that occur at integer multiples of this fundamental frequency. For example, if the fundamental frequency is (f), then the first harmonic would be (2f), the second harmonic (3f), and so on.

Harmonics play a crucial role in music and acoustics, as they determine the timbre or quality of a sound produced by musical instruments. Each harmonic contributes to the overall sound by adding complexity to the fundamental tone. Understanding harmonics is essential in various fields, including music theory, physics, and engineering, as they help explain phenomena such as resonance and sound wave propagation.