What occurs when two waves arriving at the same time and place in-phase result in a new wave with a larger amplitude?

When two waves arrive simultaneously and in-phase, they combine to form a new wave with a greater amplitude. This phenomenon is known as constructive interference. In constructive interference, the crests of the waves align with each other, while the troughs also align, effectively adding the amplitudes of the individual waves together. As a result, the resultant wave has an amplitude that is the sum of the amplitudes of the two incoming waves, which can lead to a significantly larger wave.

This is a fundamental property of waves, demonstrating how they can interact and reinforce one another when their peaks and valleys align. This interaction is critical in various applications, including sound waves, light waves, and other types of waves observed in physical systems.